Triacetin

Triacetin (CAS No: 102-76-1) Supplier in Europe

Triacetin, also known as glyceryl triacetate, is a versatile and widely used compound in various industries. Its primary functions include serving as a plasticizer, a solvent, and a humectant.

These properties make triacetin valuable in the production of plastics, pharmaceuticals, and even food products.

Particularly in the pharmaceutical industry, triacetin plays a crucial role as an excipient in pills and capsules, enhancing their stability and release characteristics.

Additionally, its application in the cosmetic industry as a moisturizer highlights its multifunctional capabilities.

With its approval for use in food by regulatory agencies such as the FDA, triacetin’s safety and utility are well-established.

It is often found in chewing gum and other consumables, enhancing texture and longevity.

Chemical Properties

Triacetin is known for its distinct chemical structure and versatile physical properties that make it valuable in various industrial applications.

Molecular Formula

Triacetin, also known as triacetylglycerol, has the molecular formula C₉H₁₄O₆

This compound consists of a glycerin backbone with three acetate groups attached. With a molecular weight of approximately 218.21 g/mol, it is categorized as a triglyceride.

Physical Characteristics

Triacetin is a clear, colorless liquid with a slightly oily consistency.

It has a boiling point of around 259°C and a melting point of approximately -78°C. The compound is known for its mild, sweet odor.

Its density is usually about 1.158 g/cm³ at 20°C. Additionally, it possesses a refractive index of around 1.430.

Solubility and Stability

Triacetin is soluble in water and various organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, and methanol.

It exhibits excellent chemical stability under normal conditions. However, it is sensitive to hydrolysis in the presence of strong acids or bases, leading to the breakdown into glycerol and acetic acid.

This property makes it suitable for diverse applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

Production and Synthesis

Triacetin, also known as glyceryl triacetate, is synthesized using specific industrial methods and raw materials. Key methods involve esterification processes utilizing substances like glycerol and acetic acid.

Industrial Synthesis Methods

The primary industrial method to produce Triacetin is esterification. This involves reacting glycerol with acetic acid or acetic anhydride.

The reaction is often catalyzed by acids to increase efficiency. Glycerol undergoes a reaction with three molecules of acetic acid, resulting in the formation of Triacetin and water.

This process is conducted under controlled temperatures and pressures. Efficient removal of water during the reaction helps drive the reaction to completion, ensuring higher yields.

Raw Materials

Key raw materials for producing Triacetin include glycerol, acetic acid, or acetic anhydride.

Glycerol is typically derived from fats and oils through hydrolysis. Acetic acid can be obtained through the fermentation process, while acetic anhydride is produced by dehydration of acetic acid.

Purity of raw materials significantly impacts the quality and yield of Triacetin. Hence, high-grade reagents are often preferred.

Applications and Uses

Triacetin, also known as glycerol triacetate, is a versatile compound with applications spanning multiple industries. It is valued for its plasticizing, solvency, and stabilizing properties.

Food Industry

In the food industry, Triacetin serves as a flavor enhancer and emulsifier. It stabilizes flavorings and colors in food products, ensuring consistent taste and appearance.

Baked goods, chewing gum, and beverages are common items that benefit from its inclusion.

Glycerol triacetate is also utilized as a humectant, which helps in maintaining moisture levels in food products.

Its inclusion extends the shelf life of various consumables, making them more appealing and longer-lasting.

Pharmaceuticals

In pharmaceuticals, Triacetin acts as an excipient.

It is frequently used to improve the consistency and efficacy of capsules and tablets. Its plasticizing qualities offer a pliable texture to gelatin capsules, ensuring they are easy to swallow.

Additionally, Triacetin serves as a solvent for numerous drugs, enhancing their stability and absorption in the body.

This role is crucial in the formulation of creams and ointments, where it aids in the even distribution of active ingredients.

Cosmetics

Triacetin finds extensive use in the cosmetics industry as a plasticizer and solvent.

It is incorporated into nail polishes, lipsticks, and creams to improve their texture, consistency, and application.

Its non-toxic and non-irritating properties make it suitable for products applied directly to the skin.

It also extends the shelf life of cosmetic products by acting as a stabilizer, preventing the active ingredients from degrading over time.

Industrial Uses

In industrial applications, Triacetin is utilized as a plasticizer in the production of cellulosic-based films and fibers. This enhances the flexibility and durability of these materials.

It is also an anti-shrink agent in the textile industry, ensuring that fabrics maintain their shape and size during and after production.

Additionally, Triacetin is part of the explosives manufacturing process, where it stabilizes nitrocellulose and other volatile components.